On July 6, 1864 the first 400 Confederate prisoners-of-war arrived at the camp. By August 18 the population was 9,262. From the beginning, the camp was ill prepared and undersupplied. Outbreaks of measles, scurvy and waterborne diseases overwhelmed the short-staffed hospital. The prison death toll jumped from 11 in July to 115 by the end of August. Winter came early with heavy snow on October 6. More than half the soldiers were housed in tents and shortages of food, warm clothing and blankets made prisoners even more likely to fall ill.